China's Carbon Fiber
Penelitian tentang industri serat karbon di Cina dapat ditelusuri kembali ke tahun 1960-an.
However, until 2000, the industrialization of carbon fiber has not been realized, and due to the long-term development of carbon fiber preparation technology in China, various research units gradually began to have insufficient confidence. RD personnel from all walks of life have avoided the word "carbon fiber". At this time, it is the most difficult trough period for the localization and research and development of carbon fiber materials.
Dengan latar belakang ini, Tuan Shi Changxu, seorang ilmuwan strategis dan akademisi dari Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Tiongkok dan Akademi Ilmu Pengetahuan Tiongkok, memimpin diskusi tentang industrialisasi serat karbon pada tahun 2000.
At the beginning of 2001, the teacher sent a "request report on accelerating the development of high-performance carbon fiber" to the Party Central Committee. In October 2001, the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China decided to set up a special project on carbon fiber key technologies, code-named 304 special project.
Sejak itu, China secara resmi memasuki jalur cepat penelitian independen dan pengembangan serat karbon...
Bagaimana serat karbon menjadi populer di luar negeri?
Pada akhir abad ke-19, Joseph Swan dari Inggris dan Thomas Edison dari Amerika menemukan filamen karbon untuk mencari filamen bola lampu yang lebih baik. Meskipun filamen karbon ini digantikan oleh filamen tungsten yang lebih murah pada saat itu, bahan berserat berkarbonisasi ini sekarang dianggap sebagai produk awal serat karbon.
Edison
Dalam perkembangan sejarah selanjutnya, filamen karbon selalu dianggap sebagai kegagalan optimasi filamen, dan belum mendapat perhatian dalam industri dan produksi.
Until that magical organization, NASA, appeared on the stage of history, this new type of aerospace material with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength and low density was reconnected to modern civilization and was named "carbon fiber".
Just as diapers, air-cushioned shoes, and dehydrated vegetables have all moved from NASA to the civilian field, carbon fiber, as the "new love" found by NASA in the material industry, is naturally valued by various companies to see if it can be the first. A person who eats crabs is the first to seize the market and make a fortune.
As a result, the United Carbon Compound Company UCC entered the carbon fiber development industry, and in 1959 developed the world's first listed viscose-based carbon fiber material Thornel-25.
Saat itu, selama Perang Dingin antara Uni Soviet dan Amerika Serikat, berbagai perlombaan senjata lepas landas. Jika Anda memiliki pesawat terbang, saya akan pergi ke alam semesta, dan jika Anda pergi ke alam semesta, saya akan pergi ke bulan. Sebagai bahan dengan kinerja yang sangat baik di bidang kedirgantaraan dan militer, serat karbon juga telah banyak digunakan.
Manusia pertama di bulan: Armstrong
Karena kebutuhan Amerika Serikat, maka ada buatan Jepang.
At that time, Japan, as the largest "trophy" of the United States in World War II, also began active research on carbon fiber.
In fact, UCC's Thornel-25 is actually not perfect. The technological name of carbon fiber was synonymous with banknotes in the 1950s. According to the price of gold at that time, carbon fiber of the same quality was more expensive than gold. The high cost of proper black gold became the biggest pain point of carbon fiber at that time.
Pada tahun 1961, Akio Shinto dari Osaka Industrial Laboratory berhasil menemukan teknologi pembuatan serat karbon berbasis poliakrilonitril (PAN)-.
Shinto Akio
Sebelumnya, hasil karbonisasi serat berbasis viscose-nasa relatif rendah, hanya 20 persen . Artinya, setelah 100 kg serat berbasis viscose-dikarbonisasi, hanya 20 kg serat karbon yang dapat diperoleh.
Menurut rumus molekul viscose, proporsi atom karbon adalah sekitar 44 persen , tetapi dalam proses karbonisasi, setengah dari atom karbon bereaksi dengan oksigen, hidrogen dan nitrogen. Hal ini juga mengakibatkan kinerja serat karbon berbasis-viscose yang lebih rendah, yang tidak memuaskan.
Akio Jindo menggunakan PAN untuk memiliki karakteristik stabilitas termal setelah pra-oksidasi, yaitu selama proses karbonisasi, aktivitas kimia atom karbon serat PAN tidak tinggi, dan atom karbon dapat dengan baik terawat.
Facts have proved that Kondo Akio's judgment is correct. The carbonization yield of the process route he developed is between 50-60 percent , and the performance is far superior to viscose-based fibers. The conversion rate has risen, and the price has naturally fallen. Since then, PAN has quickly replaced viscose-based carbon fibers. Now the share of viscose-based carbon fibers is less than 10 percent , while PAN-based carbon fibers account for more than 80 percent of the share.
Dengan-teknologi persiapan tangan pertama dari prekursor poliakrilonitril, Toray telah berhasil menjadi yang terdepan dalam preparasi serat karbon.
Subsequently, in 1971, Japan's Toray Company (Toray, English name 'Toray Industries, Inc) cooperated with United Carbon Compounds of the United States to produce T300 carbon fiber, and achieved mass production of 1 ton/month at that time.
Subsequently, Toray Company continued to upgrade the quality of carbon fiber along the T300, T800, T1000, and pioneered the addition of carbon fiber materials to sporting goods such as rackets, fishing rods, golf clubs, etc., which became a sought-after product in the sporting goods industry. Japan's Toray also rose to fame, becoming the world's largest manufacturer of carbon fiber materials.